Erectile Dysfunction (ED): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Erectile dysfunction (ED), also known as impotence, is the persistent inability to achieve or maintain an erection firm enough for satisfactory sexual performance. While occasional erection problems are normal, frequent issues can indicate an underlying health condition that needs medical attention. ED affects millions of men worldwide, particularly those over the age of 40, but it is not considered a normal part of aging. It can significantly impact a man's self-esteem, relationships, and quality of life. Common Causes of ED: Physical factors: Cardiovascular disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, and low testosterone levels. Neurological conditions: Stroke, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord injuries. Medications: Antidepressants, antihypertensives, and medications for prostate conditions. Psychological causes: Stress, anxiety, depression, and relationship problems. Lifestyle factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, poor diet, and lack of exercise. Symptoms: Trouble getting an erection Difficulty maintaining an erection during sexual activity Reduced interest in sex Diagnosis: Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, review of medical history, blood tests, and sometimes psychological evaluation or nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) testing. Treatment Options: Lifestyle changes. Oral medications. Medical devices. Hormone therapy. Prevention: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, managing chronic illnesses, and avoiding risk factors such as smoking and excessive drinking can reduce the likelihood of developing ED. If you're experiencing symptoms of ED, consult a healthcare provider. Early diagnosis and treatment can help restore sexual function and improve overall well-being.